Introduction
The demand for white paper remains consistently high and whiteness levels in paper are constantly being increased. Modern printing and copying techniques as well as the spread of color printing play their role in reinforcing this trend. High whiteness increases contrast and the brilliance of colors.
The level of whiteness required today cannot be achieved using chemical bleaching and fillers alone. The required high quality can only be obtained with the use of Fluorescent Whitening Agents (FWAs)
FWAs are organic chemicals that can produce an effect on fibers when...